Over the past two months, N. (17 years old, China) often coughed and had difficulty breathing, so the family took her to the hospital's respiratory department to check.Lung CT shows many high density shadows in both lungs and the likelihood of tuberculosis was considered at the time.After drug treatment, N.'s respiratory symptoms do not improve, lung damage also does not improve.

Therefore, N. was transferred to the Faculty of TB.During the medical examination, the doctor found a tumor on her thyroid gland that was about 3 × 2cm in size.The doctor asked about the history, N.'s mother said she was discovered that there was a thyroid nodule when she had a health examination 3 years ago but N.'s mother thought that many people also had a thyroid notes and was still healthy so she did not go forwardExamining more for girls.

Hearing this, the doctor immediately arranged to check the thyroid ultrasound, the results showed that N.'s thyroid notes were likely malignant.After the consultation with the endocrinologist, the biopsy was conducted, the results showed that it was papillary thyroid cancer.The cancer also metastasizes the lungs, causing her cough and breathing difficulty.

For treatment, N. must surgery to cut the entire thyroid gland and be treated with radioactive iodine (I-131) after surgery.Currently, N.'s condition has been stable, respiratory symptoms such as coughing, shortness of breath have been significantly improved.

According to Dr. CKI Doan Thi Hong Lien, Hong Ngoc General Hospital, thyroid disease is a common term for hormonal disorders produced by the thyroid gland too much or too little.When the hormone is not enough to maintain the body's normal metabolism, it leads to hypothyroidism.In contrast, producing too much hormones, abnormal metabolic speed, leading to hyperthyroidism.Some other diseases may not be related to the production of hormones of the thyroid gland such as goiter (thyroid), thyroid cancer.

In particular, the incidence of thyroid disease in women is 5-8 times higher than the thyroid disease in men aged 18-65 years old, the incidence increases with age.The most common thyroid diseases include: thyroid nuclei, hormone disorders (hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism) and thyroid cancer.

There are many causes that can lead to thyroid disease, in addition to the causes of pathology (such as thyroiditis, pituitary disorders, basedow ...), genetic factors and lifestyle also play an important roleIn causing thyroid disorders, leading to thyroid disease:

- Eat missing or excess iodine.

- Smoking: contains substances that affect the thyroid gland, causing inflammation, hindering the absorption of iodine as well as the production of hormones.

- Stress.

- Thyroid injury.

- Used to use a large amount of lithium and iodine drugs.

To prevent thyroid disease, Dr. Lien reminded people to do 5 things to avoid.

- Make a menu with a healthy diet, diverse food.Especially should eat lots of green vegetables or fruits to balance thyroid hormones.

- Exercise regularly to improve health, enhance resistance, immune system.When the body is healthy, it will help fight all diseases as well as thyroid diseases.

- Perform scientific lifestyle, sleep early, on time, not stay up late.Do not use alcohol, stimulants or eat fried, greasy foods.

- Pregnant women should supplement iodine to prevent the risk of complications as well as help the fetus grow healthy.

- In addition, the good way to prevent thyroid diseases is to go to regular health checks to detect early, take timely treatment, prevent dangerous complications later.If there are signs and symptoms of thyroid disease, you should see a doctor as soon as possible.